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Sima Qian (145 BC – 86 BC) was a renowned Chinese historian during the early Han dynasty (206 BC-AD 220). He is widely recognized as the father of Chinese historiography due to his seminal work, Shiji. Completed around 94 BC, Shiji—also known as Records of the Grand Historian in English—provides a comprehensive history of China spanning over two thousand years, from the legendary Yellow Emperor’s rise and formation of the first Chinese polity to Sima Qian’s contemporary ruler, Emperor Wu of Han. As the world’s first universal history known to ancient China, Shiji served as an official model for later dynasties and cultural spheres such as Korea, Vietnam, and Japan until modern times. It is considered one of China’s most remarkable historical works and has been described by scholars like Hardy (1999) as a “foundational document in Chinese civilization”. Consequently, it remains an essential topic for researchers worldwide studying Chinese history.

The Shiji is listed as the first of the “Twenty-Four Histories (二十四史)” together with The Book of Han (汉书), the Book of the Later Han (后汉书), and the Records of the Three Kingdoms (三国志), and together, they are known as the Early Four Historiographies (前四史). Therefore, Shiji has a profound influence on the development of later historiography. Sima Qian’s practice of compiling history in the form of chronicles was passed down to later generations of “Orthodox Histories (正史)”. Since Shiji is also considered an excellent literary work with a significant place in Chinese literature, Sima Qian’s more liberal and objective style has been famous and followed by poets and writers.

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1.2 Methodology of the Research

Taken together, this thesis employs multiple methods to conduct the study simultaneously to ensure the credibility, validity, and objectivity of the findings. The following are some of the research methodologies used in this study in order to pursue the objectivity and credibility of the research outcome.

(1) Document reading and data collecting

To conduct this study, a comprehensive collection of materials related to Shiji and its translations have been gathered. This includes the ST of the translation, academic writings, journal papers, interview transcripts, first-hand material and other relevant materials. Additionally, readers’ evaluations of Watson’s translation of Shiji are collected from online websites to provide further data support for this research. Through the analysis and synthesis of these materials, this study aims to identify effective strategies for promoting the dissemination of Shiji abroad while leveraging popular factors identified in Watson’s Records of the Grand Historian.

(2) Textual reading and comparative analysis

This study will conduct a detailed analysis of Watson’s translation of Shiji by closely comparing it with the ST, as well as with Nienhauser’s translation. Through this comparison, the phenomenon of literary variation present in Watson’s translation will be critically evaluated. Furthermore, this research aims to identify and summ本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。